Journal of the Korean Geographical Society ISSN:1225-6633(Print) 대한지리학회지

Terrestrial ecosystems play a crucial role in mitigating climate change by offsetting anthropogenic carbon emissions. Land cover and land use (LCLU) changes, in particular, are key factors that directly impact on the carbon balance of vegetation. The East Asian monsoon region has recently experienced extensive anthropogenic LCLU changes, increasing the need to evaluate the impacts of land use policies on carbon budget and their associated economic benefits. This study quantitatively assessed the environmental and economic benefits resulting from LCLU changes in the Sichuan region and the Loess Plateau, where land use policies have been implemented in China. Based on the implementation of China’s reforestation policy (i.e., Grain for Green Program) in 1999, we compared two periods (1982–1998 and 1999–2015). The results revealed that total vegetation carbon storage in the Sichuan region increased by 7.7 times compared to that of the early period, while the Loess Plateau showed a relatively limited increase due to its arid climate conditions. In terms of economic benefits, both regions experienced an increase after reforestation policy implementation, with the Sichuan region showing particularly significant gains. These findings highlight the need for differentiated land use policies that consider regional geographic characteristics and provide an important baseline for policy development aiming at enhancing the carbon sequestration potential of terrestrial ecosystems.

This study examines how attitudes toward flood risk education and climate change perception vary by types of community members and flood experience in urban settings where climate-induced flood risks are increasing. Using survey data collected from three key community groups in Seoul—vulnerable households, local government officials, and local volunteers—we compared their views across four dimensions: the necessity of flood risk management education, expected effectiveness, willingness to participate, and climate change impacts on flood hazards. Results show statistically significant differences across all four items by type of community groups. Flood experience exhibits differences for only three items—expected effectiveness, willingness to participate, and climate change impacts on flood hazards, suggesting a more limited and context-dependent influence. Overall, vulnerable households consistently report the lowest levels of education-related perceptions, whereas local volunteers report the highest. The findings suggest that flood risk management education should be designed in ways that reflect the distinct roles, needs, and constraints of different community member groups. The study provides empirical insights that can inform the development of context-specific education programs aimed at strengthening community resilience amid increasing flood risks.

This study explores the affective processes through which the discourse on local extinction reconfigures young adults’ sense of place in relation to their hometowns. The study conducted in-depth interviews with seventeen young adults from four cities in North Gyeongsang Province experiencing population decline. The findings reveal that prior to the intervention of local extinction discourse, the participants’ sense of place consisted of ambivalent affective states - positive feelings of stability and belonging coexisting with negative perceptions of outdated infrastructure and closed social environments. However, the discourse of local extinction, encountered through the government, institutions, and media, disrupted the participants’ complex emotional balance. The powerful frame of “extinction” functioned as an affective factor that activated latent anxieties. This heightened negative affect prompted the young adults to seek signs of decline in their everyday surroundings, leading them to reinterpret previously positively values in a negative light. Consequently, linguistic expressions - the representations of affect - amplified the negative emotions, transforming hometown into a space with negative affect. In this process, place attachment weakened, and the decision to leave the hometown became justified. This suggests that sense of place is shaped not only by personal experiences, but also by affective configurations embedded in broader discursive and material contexts. By illuminating the relationship between the sense of place and affect, this study offers new insights into regional studies and policy discourse.

Recent advances in generative artificial intelligence, particularly large language model (LLM), have led to various forms of evolution in the field of GIScience. While conventional GeoAI has primarily focused on conducting specific tasks such as deep learning-based image analysis and spatiotemporal prediction, there is a growing demand for a more general form of spatial intelligence that integrates natural language understanding, multimodal data fusion, and automated analytical workflows. In this context, GeoAGI(Geospatial Artificial General Intelligence) has emerged as a new spatial intelligence paradigm that integrates generative AI into GIS and spatial analysis to emulate human-like geographic reasoning. In this study, we conducted a literature review to systematically explore the technological and conceptual transition from GeoAI to GeoAGI. We comprehensively analyze domestic GeoAI-related studies with recent work on geospatial foundation models, LLMs, and multimodal spatial intelligence. Based on our reviews, we defined the concept of GeoAGI and introduce its core components, including geospatial foundation model (GeoFM), geospatial knowledge graph(GeoKG), multimodal fusion architectures, spatial reasoning engines, and autonomous GIS agents. While GeoAGI shows substantial potential, it also faces critical challenges, including limited spatial reasoning accuracy, cross-modal inconsistency, hallucination, and regional bias. By identifying these issues and outlining key research directions, this study provides a theoretical foundation for advancing GeoAGI as a geospatial decision-support framework.

This study critically examines the current state of geosimulation curricular in major geography departemetns in South Korea and proposes strategic pathways for strenthening GIS education.. We first conceptualize the core competencies required for ABM, including conceptual modeling, programming, simulation, validation, interpretation, and visualization. We then analyze the GIS curricula of four U.S. research-oriented universities, where ABM courses are actively offered. The results present that theses universities support ABM education through a coherent “curriculum ecosystem” that integrates spatial theory, spatial analysis, programming, modeling, and simulation in a sequential manner. In contrast, GIS programs in Korean universities remain heavily oriented toward GIS software use and static data analysis, with limited opportunities for algorithmic modeling and simulation-based learning. In particular, the lack of GIS programming and simulation courses, together with the limited number of faculty members, may limit ABM education to ad-hoc or extracurricular levels. Based on our results, we suggest that strenthening ABM-based geosimulation education in Korea requires not merely introducing individual courses, but restructuring curricula toward a staged framework linking programming, spatial analysis, modeling, and simulation as a coherent educational pathway.

본 연구는 전국 시･군을 대상으로 공공 URL 기반 하이퍼링크 네트워크를 구축하고 유입･유출 네트워크를 구분한 차수 중심성 및 𝑘-core 분석을 통해 시･군 간 정보 연결구조의 공간적 특성을 규명하였다. 분석 결과, 정보 흐름의 코어는 경부축을 중심으로 형성되었으며, 경기권은 유입 중심, 영남권은 유출 중심, 호서권은 유입･유출을 매개하는 핵심 역할을 수행하는 것으로 나타났다. 유출 네트워크의 경우 영남권이 블록형 다핵 구조로 안정적인 코어를 형성하고 있었다. 한편, 관동권과 호남권은 초기 단계에 네트워크에서 이탈하며 구조적 취약성을 드러냈다. 실제 국토 공간의 공간구조 특성을 반영하면서도 관동권･호남권의 취약성과 영남권 다핵 구조가 보다 잘 드러났으며, 이에 취약 구조를 드러내는 권역의 정보 흐름 배제와 격차 완화를 위한 중추 기능 재편 및 지역 정보역량 강화의 필요성을 시사하였다.

This study examines how the spatial distribution of domestic tourism demand in South Korea changed across the pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods from a complex-systems perspective. Rank-size analysis indicates that the distribution largely preserved Zipf-like scaling. However, a sensitivity test based on truncating the sample by the upper tail shows that the estimated slope varies systematically with the truncation rule while log-log linearity remains stable within the upper segment. This suggests that, rather than converging to a single exponent over the full range, segmental heterogeneity and limited self-similarity coexist. A spline-based analysis of local Zipf exponents further captures segment-specific slope differences and nonlinear curvature. It reveals a relaxation of top-end concentration during the pandemic and a partial re-strengthening in the recovery period. In addition, tests of Gibrat’s law show that size-dependent growth disparities widened during the pandemic, whereas growth patterns approximately returned to a size-independent form in the recovery period. Taken together, these results suggest that despite external shocks, the domestic tourism demand system can reconfigure its internal structure through self-organization via interregional interactions and adaptation. This enables the system to maintain and adjust a non-equilibrium order to a meaningful extent.

Using Suwon Hwaseong as a case study, this study examines the relationship between community mobility characteristics and World Heritage conservation. We applied path analysis to survey data collected from residents and visitors. The results show that, despite group-level differences, individual mobility capability enhances perceptions of heritage value, which in turn exerts both direct and indirect effects on World Heritage conservation. In particular, residents’ perceived livability and visitor satisfaction mediated the effect of mobility capability on conservation. These findings suggest that, even when the causal mechanisms of mobility differ across groups, mobility-supportive conditions generally promote community participation in conservation. Accordingly, sustainable heritage conservation—premised on community participation—requires policies that reflect diverse individual mobility needs and provide compensatory support for those with relatively limited capability. Finally, this study underscores the need for a behavioral approach to heritage management that accounts for community heterogeneity and diversity.

This study attempted to clarify that the Kaesong Industrial Complex is a 'in-between space' by analyzing a new sociocultural character formed through the intercultural interaction of actors between the two Koreas that occurred at the Kaesong Industrial District(KID). As a result of the study, as a result of continuous interaction between the two Koreas in KID, heterogeneous and mixed forms of social culture that differ from the established norms/order were superimposed on the existing attributes. This is because ① the language and text culture of the KID, which has been newly formed in a mixture of the two Koreas, ② the new behavioral style of the actors of the two Koreas, the change in behavioral style while increasing the mutual cultural sensitivity of each other through contact between the two Koreas, ③ the recognition and practice of the private property of the North Korean actors, and the adaptation to the capitalist production and consumption style. However, this socio-cultural nature at the KID did not completely replace the existing order, and there was no interaction on fundamental issues such as system issues and political systems. Therefore, the Kaesong Industrial District was suspended on February 11, 2016 in a 'in-between space' in which the heterogeneous and mixed new culture formed internally is incomplete.