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2022 Vol.57, Issue 3 Preview Page

Research Article

Geomorphological Characterization of Shallow Sub-surface Deformation Structures along the Densely Populated Regions of Mahanadi Delta: East Coast of India

인구밀집 해안지역 천부지하 변형구조의 지형학적 특징 - 인도 동부해안 Mahanadi 삼각주를 사례로 -

Chinmay Dash1
,
Yeong Bae Seong2*
,
Pitambar Pati3
,
Narendra Patel4
다쉬 친마이1
,
성 영배2*
,
파티 피탐바3
,
파텔 나렌드라4
1Research Professor, Department of Geography Education, Korea University
2Professor, Department of Geography Education, Korea University
3Associate Professor, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
4Professor, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
1고려대학교 지리교육과 연구교수
2고려대학교 지리교육과 교수
3인도 Roorkee 공과대학 지구과학과 부교수
4인도 Roorkee 공과대학 지구과학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
30 June 2022. pp. 253-268
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Abstract

We discuss two near-surface faults (Jajpur fault and Gop fault) identified along the coastal plains of Odisha on the Indian east coast. The sub-surface nature of these faults has been characterized using tectono-geomorphological signatures and Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). GPR profiles indicate listric nature of the sub-surface deformation structures, striking parallel to the basement faults. Due to geomorphic modification, negligible relief, and high sedimentation, direct expression of fault scarps are not available. These faults are marked as broad zones showing various fluvial anomalies. Topographic profiles across the inferred fault plain show slope break up to 10 m. The river longitudinal profiles of Shalandi and Kharsuan Rivers show the development of knickpoints across the Jajpur fault. Borehole logs across the inferred faults show lithological discontinuity. The basement at the upthrown side of Jajpur fault is close to the surface, whereas it is at a deeper level on the downthrown side. Stratal discontinuities in fluvial sediments are also observed across the Gop fault. Optically stimulated Luminescence (OSL) age (~7 ka B.P.) of Kushabhadra River paleochannel crossing the Gop fault suggests that gradient change across the Gop fault provided space for the mid-Holocene channel avulsion.

Keywords
Mahanadi delta
Subsurface fault
Quaternary
Active faulting
India

본 연구는 제4기 퇴적물이 덮고 있는 인도동부해안 Odisha지역의 천부단층인 Jajpur와 Gop 단층을 조사했다. 지하단층의 특징은 조구조지형학적 특징과 지하투과레이다(GPR)를 이용하여 분석했다. 지하투과레이다 결과는 해당 단층이 점완단층(listric fault)이고, 지중변형구조의 주향은 해안선과 평행하고 지하주단층의 주향과 일치한다는 점을 제시하고 있다. 높은 지표침식률과 퇴적률로 인해, 충분한 기복의 단층애는 발견되지 않는다. 해당 단층들이 지나는 곳에서 몇 가지 특이한 하천지형학적 요소들이 발견된다. 해당 천부지하단층의 추정부근에서 약 10m의 수직변위가 고도분포자료에서 보이며 Kharsuan 강과 Shalandi 강이 Jaipur 단층을 지나는 곳에서 천이점이 관찰된다. 시추자료는 해당 단층을 경계로 뚜렷한 기반암의 차이를 보이는데, 동일한 기반암이 상반에서는 천부에서 발견되며, 하반에서는 심부에서 발견된다. 기반암뿐만 아니라, 하천퇴적층도 Gop 단층을 경계로 뚜렷한 차이를 보인다. Gop 단층을 지나는 Kushabhadra 고하성 퇴적층의 OSL 연대는 약 7천년이며, 이는 홀로세 중기의 단층작용으로 인해 지표기복이 발생하고, 이로 인해 하도분열(channel avulsion)이 발생했다는 점을 시사한다.

키워드
Mahanadi 삼각주
지하단층
제4기
활성단층
인도
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Geographical Society
  • Publisher(Ko) :대한지리학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
  • Journal Title(Ko) :대한지리학회지
  • Volume : 57
  • No :3
  • Pages :253-268
  • Received Date : 2022-04-08
  • Revised Date : 2022-05-25
  • Accepted Date : 2022-05-28
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.22776/kgs.2022.57.3.253
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