Study on the Tropical Storm Climatologies of Global Ocean Basins

Namyoung Kang

doi:10.22776/kgs.2023.58.6.632

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2023 Vol.58, Issue 6 Preview Page Next Page

Research Article

Study on the Tropical Storm Climatologies of Global Ocean Basins 전지구 해역 별 태풍 기후 값 고찰

31 December 2023. pp. 632-643

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Abstract

To begin with, “tropical storm climate” is defined as properties or an overall state of the tropical storm behaviors. Though the tropical storm has been a long-standing concern to researchers, the geographical distribution of the tropical storm climate is still not clear. The uncertain tropical storm climate results from the different observation rules by regional meteorological centers, and the short period of reliable observations on the tropical storm so far. To overcome the limitations of tropical storm climate analysis, this study constitutes a unified version of best-track data from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center and the National Hurricane Center in the U.S. (Kang and Elsner, 2015). Since recording the tropical storm intensity by the same 1-min average MSWs, the unified best-track data enables comparing the tropical storm climatologies among different regions. Subsequently, the climatological normals of the tropical storm climate during the 30 years (1991-2020) are examined over the global ocean basins using the chain of indexes such as frequency, intensity, activity and the efficiency of intensity. The results represent the first reliable climatological normals excluding the uncertain observations prior to the early 1980s. Results show that the western North Pacific, having the vast ocean area, spawns the largest number of tropical storms with the strongest lifetime-maximum intensity among the ocean basins, which subsequently leads to the strongest tropical storm activity. On the other hand, it is noted that the efficiency of intensity in the western North Pacific shows the smallest variance among the regions. Overall, the western North Pacific is confirmed to be the most unique ocean basin with the distinctive climatological indexes.

Keywords

tropical storm

climatology

best-track data

frequency

intensity

activity

efficiency of intensity

본 논문은 국내 독자를 고려하여 중심부근 최대지속풍속이 17ms^-1 이상인 열대저기압을 “태풍”으로 명명하고, 긴 시간에 걸쳐 나타나는 태풍의 속성 또는 종합적인 상태를 “태풍 기후”로 정의한다. 태풍은 오랜 연구의 대상이었지만 그 기후 값이 지리적으로 어떻게 분포하는지에 대한 이해가 분명하지 않은 상황이다. 이는 지역별 기상업무 기관들의 관측 방식이 달라 분석 결과를 지역 간에 비교하는 것이 쉽지 않으며, 신뢰할 수 있는 수준의 관측 값이 갖추어진 지도 오래되지 않았기 때문이다. 본 연구는 이전 연구(Kang and Elsner, 2015)의 방식을 따라 1분 평균풍속의 관측 방식을 기반으로 하는 미군 합동태풍경보센터와 미국립허리케인센터의 베스트트랙들을 연동한 통합 태풍 관측자료를 구성함으로써 분석 결과를 지역 간에 비교할 수 있게 하였다. 또한, 최신 평년기간(1991-2020년)에 대한 전지구 해역별 태풍의 기후 값을 통해 불확실한 1980년대 초기의 관측 값이 포함되지 않은 신뢰할 수 있는 평년기후 값의 지리적 분포를 확인할 수 있었다. 태풍 기후를 나타내는 일련의 지표로서 본 논문은 발생 수, 강도, 활동도와 강도 효율을 다루었다. 이들은 서로 물리적으로 연결되어 있어 태풍 기후를 종합적으로 이해할 수 있게 도와준다. 결과적으로 북서태평양의 태풍이 연평균 발생 수(25.7개)는 물론 연평균 생애 최대발달 강도(43.0ms^-1)에서 모두 전지구 해역들 중 최고 값을 보임에 따라 독보적인 활동도를 기록하고 있으나, 태풍 수의 감소에 따라 나타날 수 있는 강도의 효율은 가장 낮은 수준을 보임을 알 수 있었다. 북서태평양의 태풍은 이로써 전지구 해역들 중 기후 값의 특징이 가장 분명하게 드러나는 해역임을 확인하였다.

키워드

태풍

기후 값

베스트트랙 자료

발생 수

강도

활동도

강도 효율

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Information

Publisher :The Korean Geographical Society
Publisher(Ko) :대한지리학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
Journal Title(Ko) :대한지리학회지
Volume : 58
No :6
Pages :632-643
Received Date : 2023-11-03
Revised Date : 2023-12-10
Accepted Date : 2023-12-11
DOI :https://doi.org/10.22776/kgs.2023.58.6.632

Journal of the Korean Geographical Society ISSN:1225-6633(Print) 대한지리학회지

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