All Issue

2024 Vol.59, Issue 1 Preview Page

Research Article

Assessment of Social Vulnerability to Natural Hazards across the South Korea

자연재해에 대한 사회적 취약성 평가

Kangmin Kima
,
Taekeon Hwangb
,
Yubin Leec
,
Chul Sue Hwangd*
김 강민a
,
황 태건b
,
이 유빈c
,
황 철수d*
aPh.D. Student, Department of Geography, Kyung Hee University
bPh.D. Student, Department of Geography, Kyung Hee University
cMaster Student, Department of Geography, Kyung Hee University
dProfessor, Department of Geography, Kyung Hee University
a경희대학교 지리학과 대학원 박사과정
b경희대학교 지리학과 대학원 박사과정
c경희대학교 지리학과 대학원 석사과정
d경희대학교 지리학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
29 February 2024. pp. 73-90
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

Recently, there has been a strong correlation between societal vulnerability index study and natural disasters resulting from extreme weather phenomena. Specifically, the magnitude and frequency of natural hazards are progressively resulting in significant financial burdens on society, necessitating an escalating demand for nationwide interventions. Domestic studies concentrate on certain geographical areas or disasters, and it is imperative to broaden the research to encompass a comprehensive viewpoint for policy reactions. This study aimed to construct a vulnerability index for the entirety of South Korea through the implementation of a principal component analysis on a diverse array of social factors. The findings indicated that Eumseong-gun in Chungcheongbuk-do and Goseong-gun in Gangwon-do had significant vulnerability, with socioeconomic characteristics such as female labor participation and unemployment rate exerting a strong influence. Conversely, these characteristics seem to be designed to decrease vulnerability in urban regions, indicating that governmental interventions like decreasing unemployment rates could be successful in reducing vulnerability.

Keywords
Natural hazards
Social Vulnerability Index
Principal Component Analysis
Social variables

최근 사회적 취약성 지수 산정 연구는 이상기후에서 비롯된 자연재해와 연관이 깊다. 특히 자연재해 규모와 빈도가 점차 사회에 심각한 비용을 초래하여 국가 차원에서 대응할 필요가 증대되고 있다. 국내의 연구는 특정 지역이나 재해에 초점을 두고 있어 정책적 대응을 위해서는 통합적 시각으로의 연구 확장이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 전체의 취약성 지수를 개발하기 위해 폭넓은 사회적 항목을 대상으로 주성분 분석을 시도하였다. 그 결과 충청북도 음성군, 강원도 고성군 등이 높은 수준이었으며, 노동 참여 여성 인구, 실업률 등 사회경제적 요소의 영향력이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 반면 해당 요소들은 대도시권에서 취약성을 낮추도록 형성된 것으로 나타나 실업률 감소 등의 정책 적용은 취약성 감소에 효과적일 것으로 예상된다.

키워드
자연재해
사회적 취약성 지수
주성분 분석
사회적 변수
References
1
구양미, 2021, "인구 변화와 도시 쇠퇴의 지역 불균형: 저출산과 지방소멸 문제에 대한 시사점," 국토지리학회지, 55(3), 301-320. 10.22905/kaopqj.2021.55.3.5
2
구주영, 2021, "지방행정기관의 재난관리 역량이 자연재난의 피해 경감에 미치는 영향-광역시와 도의 비교를 중심으로," 한국지방자치학회보, 33(3), 255-282.
3
김강민･황태건･조서림･이유빈･황철수, 2023, "미시적 공간단위 행정구역의 북한 홍수 취약성 분석," 대한지리학회지, 58(2), 178-193.
4
김형준･원미리･이정민･채호동･박인권, 2021, "외국인 거주자의 시공간적 분포패턴 및 결정요인: 서울시 생활인구 데이터 분석," LHI 저널, 12(1), 101-117.
5
김혜령･김윤정, 2021, "사회적 취약성을 고려한 도시홍수 취약요인 연구: 서울시 행정동을 중심으로," 한국기후변화학회지, 12(2), 187-202. 10.15531/ksccr.2021.04.12.2.187
6
박윤경･양정석･김상단, 2016, "서울시의 도시특성을 고려한 사회경제적 재해 취약성 평가," 한국방재학회논문집, 16 (1), 337-345. 10.9798/KOSHAM.2016.16.1.337
7
양민준･김재진･류종식･한경수･김진수, 2022, "원격탐사와 GIS 를 이용한 지구환경재해 관측과 관리 기술 현황 2," 대한원격탐사학회지, 38(5), 811-818.
8
우충식･이창우･김경하･권현정, 2014, "물리적 강도와 사회적 취약성을 통합한 토석류 위험도 예측모형 개발," 한국방재학회논문집, 14(4), 205-212. 10.9798/KOSHAM.2014.14.4.205
9
윤태일･신소영, 2021, "텍스트마이닝 기법을 활용한 신입생의 대학생활 경험 분석," 인문사회 21, 12(4), 279-294. 10.22143/HSS21.12.4.20
10
이대웅･권기헌, 2017, "재난정책분야의 회복탄력성 (Resilience) 결정요인 분석-재난유형 가운데 자연재난을 중심으로," 한국정책학회보, 26(2), 475-510.
11
이유현･권기헌, 2017, "국제사회의 재난정책 패러다임에 관한 연구-한국 재난정책에의 시사점을 중심으로," 한국정책학회보, 26(4), 255-291.
12
이주승･현신명･박미르･이정호･서덕수, 2022, "공공기관의 지방 이전을 전후로 한 수도권의 지역 중심성변화 연구," 국토계획, 57(3), 52-67. 10.17208/jkpa.2022.06.57.3.52
13
조명흠･김미송･박진이･임정탁･박영진, 2016, "공간정보기반 경주 지진 피해지역 현황분석," 한국재난정보학회 학술발표대회, 240-241.
14
조형진･김경배, 2015, "기후변화로 인한 홍수위험의 사회적 취약성 평가 연구-인천시를 사례로," 기후연구, 10(4), 341-354.
15
한우석, 2019, "이상기후시대에 대비한 재해취약성 분석 제도," 국토, (458), 21-26.
16
한우석, 2020, "도시복합재난 관리방안: 복합재난 관리지도 구축 및 활용을 중심으로," 국토정책 Brief, (754), 1-8.
17
Adger, W. N. and Agnew, M., 2004, New indicators of vulnerability and adaptive capacity (Vol. 122). Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, Norwich.
18
Aksha, S. K., Juran, L., Resler, L. M. and Zhang, Y., 2019, An analysis of social vulnerability to natural hazards in Nepal using a modified social vulnerability index, International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 10, 103-116. 10.1007/s13753-018-0192-7
19
Alizadeh, M., Alizadeh, E., Asadollahpour Kotenaee, S., Shahabi, H., Beiranvand Pour, A., Panahi, M., Ahmad, B., and Saro, L., 2018, Social vulnerability assessment using artificial neural network (ANN) model for earthquake hazard in Tabriz city, Iran, Sustainability, 10(10), 3376. 10.3390/su10103376
20
Armas, I. and Gavris, A., 2013, Social vulnerability assessment using spatial multi-criteria analysis (SEVI model) and the Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI model) - a case study for Bucharest, Romania, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 13(6), 1481-1499. 10.5194/nhess-13-1481-2013
21
Aroca-Jimenez, E., Bodoque, J. M., Garcia, J. A., and Diez-Herrero, A., 2017, Construction of an integrated social vulnerability index in urban areas prone to flash flooding, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 17(9), 1541-1557. 10.5194/nhess-17-1541-2017
22
Bhuiyan, T. R., Er, A. C., Muhamad, N., and Pereira, J. J., 2021, The socioeconomic impact of climate-related hazards: flash flood impact assessment in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Natural Hazards, 109, 1509-1538. 10.1007/s11069-021-04887-3
23
Bro, R. and Smilde, A. K., 2014, Principal component analysis, Analytical Methods, 6(9), 2812-2831. 10.1039/C3AY41907J
24
Bucherie, A., Hultquist, C., Adamo, S., Neely, C., Ayala, F., Bazo, J., and Kruczkiewicz, A., 2022, A comparison of social vulnerability indices specific to flooding in Ecuador: Principal component analysis (PCA) and expert knowledge, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 73, 102897. 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.102897
25
Burton, C. G., 2010, Social vulnerability and hurricane impact modeling, Natural Hazards Review, 11(2), 58-68. 10.1061/(ASCE)1527-6988(2010)11:2(58)
26
Burton, C. G., Toquica, M., Asad, K. M. B., and Musori, M., 2022, Validation and development of composite indices for measuring vulnerability to earthquakes using a socio-economic perspective, Natural Hazards, 111(2), 1301-1334. 10.1007/s11069-021-05095-9
27
Chen, W., Cutter, S. L., Emrich, C. T., and Shi, P., 2013, Measuring social vulnerability to natural hazards in the Yangtze River Delta region, China, International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 4, 169-181. 10.1007/s13753-013-0018-6
28
CORDIS, 2017, Methodology for Measuring Societal Vulnerability due to FAilure of Critical Land Transport Infrastructure Elements.
29
Cutter, S. L. and Emrich, C. T., 2006, Moral hazard, social catastrophe: The changing face of vulnerability along the hurricane coasts, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 604(1), 102-112. 10.1177/0002716205285515
30
Cutter, S. L., Boruff, B. J., and Shirley, W. L., 2003, Social vulnerability to environmental hazards, Social Science Quarterly, 84(2), 242-261. 10.1111/1540-6237.8402002
31
Das, S., Hazra, S., Haque, A., Rahman, M., Nicholls, R. J., Ghosh, A., Ghosh, T., Salehin, M., and De Campos, R. S., 2021, Social vulnerability to environmental hazards in the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna delta, India and Bangladesh, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 53, 101983. 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101983
32
De Haen, H. and Hemrich, G., 2007, The economics of natural disasters: implications and challenges for food security, Agricultural Economics, 37, 31-45. 10.1111/j.1574-0862.2007.00233.x
33
de Loyola Hummell, B. M., Cutter, S. L., and Emrich, C. T., 2016, Social vulnerability to natural hazards in Brazil, International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 7, 111-122. 10.1007/s13753-016-0090-9
34
De Silva, S. S. A., Meeker, M. A., Ryan, V., Algur, Y., Long, D. L., Carson, A. P., Black, N., and McClure, L. A., 2022, Comparing global and spatial composite measures of neighborhood socioeconomic status across US counties, Journal of Urban Health, 99(3), 457-468. 10.1007/s11524-022-00632-835484371PMC9187828
35
Demšar, U., Harris, P., Brunsdon, C., Fotheringham, A. S., and McLoone, S., 2013, Principal component analysis on spatial data: an overview, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 103(1), 106-128. 10.1080/00045608.2012.689236
36
Fang, T. and Gunderson, M., 2015, Vulnerable groups in Canada and labour market exclusion, International Journal of Manpower, 36(6), 824-847. 10.1108/IJM-02-2014-0052
37
Fatemi, F., Ardalan, A., Aguirre, B., Mansouri, N., and Mohammadfam, I., 2017, Social vulnerability indicators in disasters: Findings from a systematic review, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 22, 219-227. 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2016.09.006
38
Fekete, A., 2009, Validation of a social vulnerability index in context to river-floods in Germany, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 9(2), 393-403. 10.5194/nhess-9-393-2009
39
Flanagan, B. E., Gregory, E. W., Hallisey, E. J., Heitgerd, J. L., and Lewis, B., 2011, A social vulnerability index for disaster management, Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, 8(1), 0000102202 154773551792. 10.2202/1547-7355.1792
40
Guillard-Goncalves, C., Cutter, S. L., Emrich, C. T., and Zezere, J. L., 2015, Application of Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI) and delineation of natural risk zones in Greater Lisbon, Portugal, Journal of Risk Research, 18(5), 651-674. 10.1080/13669877.2014.910689
41
Hamidazada, M., Cruz, A. M., and Yokomatsu, M., 2019, Vulnerability factors of Afghan rural women to disasters, International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 10, 573-590. 10.1007/s13753-019-00227-z
42
Hasan, B. M. S. and Abdulazeez, A. M., 2021, A review of principal component analysis algorithm for dimensionality reduction, Journal of Soft Computing and Data Mining, 2(1), 20-30. 10.30880/jscdm.2021.02.01.003
43
Hewitt, K., 1997, Regions of Risk: A Geographical Introduction to Disasters, Longman, London.
44
Ho, H. C., Wong, M. S., Yang, L., Chan, T. C., and Bilal, M., 2018, Influences of socioeconomic vulnerability and intra-urban air pollution exposure on short-term mortality during extreme dust events, Environmental Pollution, 235, 155-162. 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.04729288928
45
Huggel, C., Raissig, A., Rohrer, M., Romero, G., Diaz, A., and Salzmann, N., 2015, How useful and reliable are disaster databases in the context of climate and global change? A comparative case study analysis in Peru, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 15(3), 475-485. 10.5194/nhess-15-475-2015
46
Imran, M., Sumra, K., Mahmood, S. A., and Sajjad, S. F., 2019, Mapping flood vulnerability from socioeconomic classes and GI data: linking socially resilient policies to geographically sustainable neighborhoods using PLS-SEM, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 41, 101288. 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101288
47
Karunarathne, A. Y. and Lee, G., 2020, Developing a multi-facet social vulnerability measure for flood disasters at the micro-level assessment, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 49, 101679. 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101679
48
Karunarathne, A. Y. and Lee, G., 2022, How do urban reciprocal support network legacies matter to improve the resiliency of urban informal livelihoods?, Sustainable Cities and Society, 77, 103528. 10.1016/j.scs.2021.103528
49
Kim, J. and Gim, T. H. T., 2020, Assessment of social vulnerability to floods on Java, Indonesia, Nat Hazards, 102, 101-114. 10.1007/s11069-020-03912-1
50
Lee, S. and Oh, S., 2022, A comprehensive seismic risk assessment map of South Korea based on seismic, geotechnical and social vulnerability, Environmental Earth Sciences, 81(1), 33. 10.1007/s12665-021-10153-3
51
Lloyd, S., Gray, J., Healey, S., and Opdyke, A., 2022, Social vulnerability to natural hazards in the Philippines, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 79, 103103. 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103103
52
Maharani, Y. N. and Lee, S., 2017, Assessment of social vulnerability to natural hazards in South Korea: case study for typhoon hazard, Spatial Information Research, 25, 99-116. 10.1007/s41324-017-0082-x
53
Maharani, Y. N., Lee, S., and Ki, S. J., 2016, Social vulnerability at a local level around the Merapi volcano, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 20, 63-77. 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2016.10.012
54
Mazumdar, J. and Paul, S. K., 2016, Socioeconomic and infrastructural vulnerability indices for cyclones in the eastern coastal states of India, Natural Hazards, 82, 1621-1643. 10.1007/s11069-016-2261-9
55
Mengal, A., Goda, K., Ashraf, M., and Murtaza, G., 2021, Social vulnerability to seismic-tsunami hazards in district Gwadar, Balochistan, Pakistan, Natural Hazards, 108, 1159-1181. 10.1007/s11069-021-04724-7
56
Oulahen, G., Mortsch, L., Tang, K., and Harford, D., 2015, Unequal vulnerability to flood hazards: "ground truthing" a social vulnerability index of five municipalities in Metro Vancouver, Canada, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 105(3), 473-495. 10.1080/00045608.2015.1012634
57
Park, G. and Xu, Z., 2022, The constituent components and local indicator variables of social vulnerability index, Natural Hazards, 1-26. 10.1007/s11069-021-04938-9
58
Phillips, B. D. and Morrow, B. H., 2007, Social science research needs: focus on vulnerable populations, forecasting and warnings, Natural Hazards Review, 8(3), 61-68. 10.1061/(ASCE)1527-6988(2007)8:3(61)
59
Pourhosseini, S. S., Ardalan, A., and Mehrolhassani, M. H., 2015, Key aspects of providing healthcare services in disaster response stage, Iranian journal of public health, 44(1), 111.
60
Quarantelli, E. L., 1999, Implications for programmes and policies from future disaster trends, Risk Management, 1, 9-19. 10.1057/palgrave.rm.8240011
61
Rabby, Y. W., Hossain, M. B., and Hasan, M. U., 2019, Social vulnerability in the coastal region of Bangladesh: An investigation of social vulnerability index and scalar change effects, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 41, 101329. 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101329
62
Roncancio, D. J., Cutter, S. L., and Nardocci, A. C., 2020, Social vulnerability in Colombia, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 50, 101872. 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101872
63
Rufat, S., Tate, E., Emrich, C. T., and Antolini, F., 2019, How valid are social vulnerability models?. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 109(4), 1131-1153. 10.1080/24694452.2018.1535887
64
Shaji, J., 2021, Evaluating social vulnerability of people inhabiting a tropical coast in Kerala, south west coast of India, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 56, 102130. 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102130
65
Singh, S. R., Eghdami, M. R., and Singh, S., 2014, The concept of social vulnerability: a review from disasters perspectives, International Journal of Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary Studies, 1(6), 71-82.
66
Spielman, S. E., Tuccillo, J., Folch, D. C., Schweikert, A., Davies, R., Wood, N., and Tate, E., 2020, Evaluating social vulnerability indicators: criteria and their application to the Social Vulnerability Index, Natural Hazards, 100, 417-436. 10.1007/s11069-019-03820-z
67
Sung, C. H. and Liaw, S. C., 2020, A GIS-based approach for assessing social vulnerability to flood and debris flow hazards, International journal of disaster risk reduction, 46, 101531. 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101531
68
Syahrir, I. and Vanany, I., 2015, Healthcare and disaster supply chain: literature review and future research, Procedia Manufacturing, 4, 2-9. 10.1016/j.promfg.2015.11.007
69
Tarling, H. A., 2017, Comparative analysis of social vulnerability indices: CDC's SVI and SoVI®. PhD. Dissertation, Lund University, Sweden.
70
Tasnuva, A., Hossain, M. R., Salam, R., Islam, A. R. M. T., Patwary, M. M., and Ibrahim, S. M., 2021, Employing social vulnerability index to assess household social vulnerability of natural hazards: an evidence from southwest coastal Bangladesh, Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23, 10223-10245. 10.1007/s10668-020-01054-9
71
Toeroek, I., 2017, Assessment of social vulnerability to natural hazards in Romania, Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 12(2), 549-562.
72
Xu, Z. and Jiang, B., 2022, Effects of social vulnerability and spatial accessibility on COVID-19 vaccination coverage: a census-tract level study in Milwaukee County, USA, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19), 12304. 10.3390/ijerph19191230436231608PMC9565019
73
Yadav, D. K. and Barve, A., 2017, Analysis of socioeconomic vulnerability for cyclone-affected communities in coastal Odisha, India, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 22, 387-396. 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.02.003
74
Yang, S., He, S., Du, J., and Sun, X., 2015, Screening of social vulnerability to natural hazards in China, Natural Hazards, 76, 1-18. 10.1007/s11069-014-1225-1
75
Yang, X., Geng, L., and Zhou, K., 2021, The construction and examination of social vulnerability and its effects on PM2. 5 globally: combining spatial econometric modeling and geographically weighted regression, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, 26732-26746. 10.1007/s11356-021-12508-633492595
76
Yarnal, B., 2007, Vulnerability and all that jazz: addressing vulnerability in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, Technology in Society, 29(2), 249-255. 10.1016/j.techsoc.2007.01.011
77
Zhang, W., Xu, X., and Chen, X., 2017, Social vulnerability assessment of earthquake disaster based on the catastrophe progression method: a Sichuan Province case study, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 24, 361-372. 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.06.022
Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Geographical Society
  • Publisher(Ko) :대한지리학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
  • Journal Title(Ko) :대한지리학회지
  • Volume : 59
  • No :1
  • Pages :73-90
  • Received Date : 2024-01-20
  • Revised Date : 2024-02-16
  • Accepted Date : 2024-02-20
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.22776/kgs.2024.59.1.73
Journal Informaiton Journal of the Korean Geographical Society Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
online submission
  • NRF
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • KCI 문헌 유사도 검사
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close