Analysis of Trade Distance of Korea through Trade Function based on Gravity Model

Euijune Kim; Hojune Lee; Byula Kim

doi:10.22776/kgs.2021.56.4.437

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2021 Vol.56, Issue 4 Preview Page Next Page

Research Article

Analysis of Trade Distance of Korea through Trade Function based on Gravity Model 중력모형 수출함수를 통한 교역거리 분석 － 한국에서 북한으로의 교역을 중심으로 －

31 August 2021. pp. 437-447

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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to measure the border effects between South Korea and North Korea. The export functions are estimated using World Input-Output table data and distance data. The result showed that South Korea’s exports were proportional to the output of the importing country and inversely proportional to distance between South Korea and importing country. The border effect was found when South Korea exported to North Korea. In addition, the distance elasticity of South Korean exports gradually decreased from 1990 to 2015. It implies that the effect of distance is relatively reduced, while other factors that affect exports are increased between South Korea and the importing country in the case of Korean exports. Finally, the trade distance was shorter when South Korea exported through a third country that had less border effect with North Korea than it did directly to North Korea. This suggests that it would be more efficient to export through a third country if South Korea exports to the North Korea.

Keywords

Border effect

Trade distance

Export function

Distance elasticity

본 연구의 목적은 교역에 있어서 한국과 북한의 국경효과를 분석하는 것이다. 전 세계 189개국의 투입산출표와 국가 간 거리자료를 이용하여 수출함수를 추정하였다. 분석결과 한국의 수출액은 수입국의 경제규모에 비례하고 한국과 수입국의 거리와 반비례하였으며, 한국과 북한 사이에 무역장벽인 국경효과가 확인되었다. 또한, 한국의 수출에 대한 거리탄력성은 1990년부터 2015년까지 시간이 지나면서 점차 감소하였다. 이는 시간이 흐름에 따라서 한국이 수출할 때 거리의 영향력이 상대적으로 줄어들고 수출에 영향을 미치는 다른 요인의 영향력이 늘어남을 의미한다. 마지막으로, 국경효과를 교역거리로 환산하여 분석한 결과, 한국이 북한으로 직접 수출하는 것보다 북한과의 국경효과가 낮은 제3국을 거쳐 수출하는 경우에 교역거리가 더 짧았다. 한국에서 북한으로 수출하는 경우 제3국을 거치는 것이 더 효율적일 수 있음을 시사한다.

키워드

국경효과

교역거리

수출함수

거리탄력성

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Information

Publisher :The Korean Geographical Society
Publisher(Ko) :대한지리학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
Journal Title(Ko) :대한지리학회지
Volume : 56
No :4
Pages :437-447
Received Date : 2021-06-16
Revised Date : 2021-07-14
Accepted Date : 2021-07-15
DOI :https://doi.org/10.22776/kgs.2021.56.4.437

Journal of the Korean Geographical Society ISSN:1225-6633(Print) 대한지리학회지

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